// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Represents a token provider that generates time-based codes using the user's security stamp.
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="TUser">The type encapsulating a user.</typeparam>
    public abstract class TotpSecurityStampBasedTokenProvider<TUser> : IUserTwoFactorTokenProvider<TUser>
        where TUser : class
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Generates a token for the specified <paramref name="user"/> and <paramref name="purpose"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="purpose">The purpose the token will be used for.</param>
        /// <param name="manager">The <see cref="UserManager{TUser}"/> that can be used to retrieve user properties.</param>
        /// <param name="user">The user a token should be generated for.</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// The <see cref="Task"/> that represents the asynchronous operation, containing the token for the specified 
        /// <paramref name="user"/> and <paramref name="purpose"/>.
        /// </returns>
        /// <remarks>
        /// The <paramref name="purpose"/> parameter allows a token generator to be used for multiple types of token whilst
        /// insuring a token for one purpose cannot be used for another. For example if you specified a purpose of "Email" 
        /// and validated it with the same purpose a token with the purpose of TOTP would not pass the check even if it was
        /// for the same user.
        /// 
        /// Implementations of <see cref="IUserTwoFactorTokenProvider{TUser}"/> should validate that purpose is not null or empty to
        /// help with token separation.
        /// </remarks>
        public virtual async Task<string> GenerateAsync(string purpose, UserManager<TUser> manager, TUser user)
        {
            if (manager == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(manager));
            }
            var token = await manager.CreateSecurityTokenAsync(user);
            var modifier = await GetUserModifierAsync(purpose, manager, user);

            return Rfc6238AuthenticationService.GenerateCode(token, modifier).ToString("D6", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns a flag indicating whether the specified <paramref name="token"/> is valid for the given
        /// <paramref name="user"/> and <paramref name="purpose"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="purpose">The purpose the token will be used for.</param>
        /// <param name="token">The token to validate.</param>
        /// <param name="manager">The <see cref="UserManager{TUser}"/> that can be used to retrieve user properties.</param>
        /// <param name="user">The user a token should be validated for.</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// The <see cref="Task"/> that represents the asynchronous operation, containing the a flag indicating the result
        /// of validating the <paramref name="token"> for the specified </paramref><paramref name="user"/> and <paramref name="purpose"/>.
        /// The task will return true if the token is valid, otherwise false.
        /// </returns>
        public virtual async Task<bool> ValidateAsync(string purpose, string token, UserManager<TUser> manager, TUser user)
        {
            if (manager == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(manager));
            }
            int code;
            if (!int.TryParse(token, out code))
            {
                return false;
            }
            var securityToken = await manager.CreateSecurityTokenAsync(user);
            var modifier = await GetUserModifierAsync(purpose, manager, user);

            return securityToken != null && Rfc6238AuthenticationService.ValidateCode(securityToken, code, modifier);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns a constant, provider and user unique modifier used for entropy in generated tokens from user information.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="purpose">The purpose the token will be generated for.</param>
        /// <param name="manager">The <see cref="UserManager{TUser}"/> that can be used to retrieve user properties.</param>
        /// <param name="user">The user a token should be generated for.</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// The <see cref="Task"/> that represents the asynchronous operation, containing a constant modifier for the specified 
        /// <paramref name="user"/> and <paramref name="purpose"/>.
        /// </returns>
        public virtual async Task<string> GetUserModifierAsync(string purpose, UserManager<TUser> manager, TUser user)
        {
            if (manager == null)
            {
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(manager));
            }
            var userId = await manager.GetUserIdAsync(user);

            return $"Totp:{purpose}:{userId}";
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns a flag indicating whether the token provider can generate a token suitable for two-factor authentication token for
        /// the specified <paramref name="user"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="manager">The <see cref="UserManager{TUser}"/> that can be used to retrieve user properties.</param>
        /// <param name="user">The user a token could be generated for.</param>
        /// <returns>
        /// The <see cref="Task"/> that represents the asynchronous operation, containing the a flag indicating if a two
        /// factor token could be generated by this provider for the specified <paramref name="user"/>.
        /// The task will return true if a two-factor authentication token could be generated, otherwise false.
        /// </returns>
        public abstract Task<bool> CanGenerateTwoFactorTokenAsync(UserManager<TUser> manager, TUser user);
    }
}
