// Licensed to the .NET Foundation under one or more agreements.
// The .NET Foundation licenses this file to you under the MIT license.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Security.Claims;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Moq;
using Xunit;

namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.Test
{
    public class UserManagerTest
    {
        [Fact]
        public void EnsureDefaultServicesDefaultsWithStoreWorks()
        {
            var config = new ConfigurationBuilder().Build();
            var services = new ServiceCollection()
                    .AddSingleton<IConfiguration>(config)
                    .AddTransient<IUserStore<PocoUser>, NoopUserStore>();
            services.AddIdentity<PocoUser, PocoRole>();
            services.AddHttpContextAccessor();
            services.AddLogging();
            var manager = services.BuildServiceProvider().GetRequiredService<UserManager<PocoUser>>();
            Assert.NotNull(manager.PasswordHasher);
            Assert.NotNull(manager.Options);
        }

        [Fact]
        public void AddUserManagerWithCustomManagerReturnsSameInstance()
        {
            var config = new ConfigurationBuilder().Build();
            var services = new ServiceCollection()
                    .AddSingleton<IConfiguration>(config)
                    .AddTransient<IUserStore<PocoUser>, NoopUserStore>()
                    .AddHttpContextAccessor();

            services.AddLogging();

            services.AddIdentity<PocoUser, PocoRole>()
                .AddUserManager<CustomUserManager>()
                .AddRoleManager<CustomRoleManager>();
            var provider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            Assert.Same(provider.GetRequiredService<UserManager<PocoUser>>(),
                provider.GetRequiredService<CustomUserManager>());
            Assert.Same(provider.GetRequiredService<RoleManager<PocoRole>>(),
                provider.GetRequiredService<CustomRoleManager>());
        }

        public class CustomUserManager : UserManager<PocoUser>
        {
            public CustomUserManager() : base(new Mock<IUserStore<PocoUser>>().Object, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null)
            { }
        }

        public class CustomRoleManager : RoleManager<PocoRole>
        {
            public CustomRoleManager() : base(new Mock<IRoleStore<PocoRole>>().Object, null, null, null, null)
            { }
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task CreateCallsStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var normalizer = MockHelpers.MockLookupNormalizer();
            var store = new Mock<IUserStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            store.Setup(s => s.CreateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).ReturnsAsync(IdentityResult.Success).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.GetUserNameAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user.UserName)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName(user.UserName), CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(0)).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager<PocoUser>(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.CreateAsync(user);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task CreateUpdatesSecurityStampStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserSecurityStampStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo", SecurityStamp = "sssss" };
            store.Setup(s => s.CreateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).ReturnsAsync(IdentityResult.Success).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.GetSecurityStampAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user.SecurityStamp)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.SetSecurityStampAsync(user, It.IsAny<string>(), CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(0)).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager<PocoUser>(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.CreateAsync(user);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task CreateCallsUpdateEmailStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var normalizer = MockHelpers.MockLookupNormalizer();
            var store = new Mock<IUserEmailStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo", Email = "Foo@foo.com" };
            store.Setup(s => s.CreateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).ReturnsAsync(IdentityResult.Success).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.GetUserNameAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user.UserName)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.GetEmailAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user.Email)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.SetNormalizedEmailAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeEmail(user.Email), CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(0)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName(user.UserName), CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(0)).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager<PocoUser>(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.CreateAsync(user);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task DeleteCallsStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            store.Setup(s => s.DeleteAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).ReturnsAsync(IdentityResult.Success).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.DeleteAsync(user);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task UpdateCallsStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var normalizer = MockHelpers.MockLookupNormalizer();
            var store = new Mock<IUserStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            store.Setup(s => s.GetUserNameAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user.UserName)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName(user.UserName), CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(0)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.UpdateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).ReturnsAsync(IdentityResult.Success).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.UpdateAsync(user);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task UpdateWillUpdateNormalizedEmail()
        {
            // Setup
            var normalizer = MockHelpers.MockLookupNormalizer();
            var store = new Mock<IUserEmailStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo", Email = "email" };
            store.Setup(s => s.GetUserNameAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user.UserName)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.GetEmailAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user.Email)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName(user.UserName), CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(0)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.SetNormalizedEmailAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeEmail(user.Email), CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(0)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.UpdateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).ReturnsAsync(IdentityResult.Success).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.UpdateAsync(user);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task SetUserNameCallsStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var normalizer = MockHelpers.MockLookupNormalizer();
            var store = new Mock<IUserStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser();
            store.Setup(s => s.SetUserNameAsync(user, "foo", CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(0)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.GetUserNameAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult("foo")).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("foo"), CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(0)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.UpdateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(IdentityResult.Success)).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.SetUserNameAsync(user, "foo");

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task FindByIdCallsStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            store.Setup(s => s.FindByIdAsync(user.Id, CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user)).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager<PocoUser>(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.FindByIdAsync(user.Id);

            // Assert
            Assert.Equal(user, result);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task FindByNameCallsStoreWithNormalizedName()
        {
            // Setup
            var normalizer = MockHelpers.MockLookupNormalizer();
            var store = new Mock<IUserStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            store.Setup(s => s.FindByNameAsync(normalizer.NormalizeName(user.UserName), CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user)).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager<PocoUser>(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.FindByNameAsync(user.UserName);

            // Assert
            Assert.Equal(user, result);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task CanFindByNameCallsStoreWithoutNormalizedName()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            store.Setup(s => s.FindByNameAsync(user.UserName, CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user)).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);
            userManager.KeyNormalizer = null;

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.FindByNameAsync(user.UserName);

            // Assert
            Assert.Equal(user, result);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task FindByEmailCallsStoreWithNormalizedEmail()
        {
            // Setup
            var normalizer = MockHelpers.MockLookupNormalizer();
            var store = new Mock<IUserEmailStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { Email = "Foo" };
            store.Setup(s => s.FindByEmailAsync(normalizer.NormalizeEmail(user.Email), CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user)).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.FindByEmailAsync(user.Email);

            // Assert
            Assert.Equal(user, result);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task CanFindByEmailCallsStoreWithoutNormalizedEmail()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserEmailStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { Email = "Foo" };
            store.Setup(s => s.FindByEmailAsync(user.Email, CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user)).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);
            userManager.KeyNormalizer = null;

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.FindByEmailAsync(user.Email);

            // Assert
            Assert.Equal(user, result);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        private class CustomNormalizer : ILookupNormalizer
        {
            public string NormalizeName(string key) => "#"+key;
            public string NormalizeEmail(string key) => "@" + key;
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task FindByEmailCallsStoreWithCustomNormalizedEmail()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserEmailStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { Email = "Foo" };
            store.Setup(s => s.FindByEmailAsync("@Foo", CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user)).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);
            userManager.KeyNormalizer = new CustomNormalizer();

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.FindByEmailAsync(user.Email);

            // Assert
            Assert.Equal(user, result);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task FindByNameCallsStoreWithCustomNormalizedName()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserEmailStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo", Email = "Bar" };
            store.Setup(s => s.FindByNameAsync("#Foo", CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(user)).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);
            userManager.KeyNormalizer = new CustomNormalizer();

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.FindByNameAsync(user.UserName);

            // Assert
            Assert.Equal(user, result);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task AddToRolesCallsStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var normalizer = MockHelpers.MockLookupNormalizer();
            var store = new Mock<IUserRoleStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            var roles = new string[] { "A", "B", "C", "C" };
            store.Setup(s => s.AddToRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("A"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.AddToRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("B"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.AddToRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("C"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();

            store.Setup(s => s.UpdateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).ReturnsAsync(IdentityResult.Success).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.IsInRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("A"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(false))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.IsInRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("B"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(false))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.IsInRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("C"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(false))
                .Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager<PocoUser>(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.AddToRolesAsync(user, roles);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
            store.Verify(s => s.AddToRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("C"), CancellationToken.None), Times.Once());
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task AddToRolesCallsStoreWithCustomNameNormalizer()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserRoleStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            var roles = new string[] { "A", "B", "C", "C" };
            store.Setup(s => s.AddToRoleAsync(user, "#A", CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.AddToRoleAsync(user, "#B", CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.AddToRoleAsync(user, "#C", CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();

            store.Setup(s => s.UpdateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).ReturnsAsync(IdentityResult.Success).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.IsInRoleAsync(user, "#A", CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(false))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.IsInRoleAsync(user, "#B", CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(false))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.IsInRoleAsync(user, "#C", CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(false))
                .Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager<PocoUser>(store.Object);
            userManager.KeyNormalizer = new CustomNormalizer();

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.AddToRolesAsync(user, roles);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
            store.Verify(s => s.AddToRoleAsync(user, "#C", CancellationToken.None), Times.Once());
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task AddToRolesFailsIfUserInRole()
        {
            // Setup
            var normalizer = MockHelpers.MockLookupNormalizer();
            var store = new Mock<IUserRoleStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            var roles = new[] { "A", "B", "C" };
            store.Setup(s => s.AddToRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("A"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.IsInRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("B"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(true))
                .Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.AddToRolesAsync(user, roles);

            // Assert
            IdentityResultAssert.IsFailure(result, new IdentityErrorDescriber().UserAlreadyInRole("B"));
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task RemoveFromRolesCallsStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var normalizer = MockHelpers.MockLookupNormalizer();
            var store = new Mock<IUserRoleStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            var roles = new[] { "A", "B", "C" };
            store.Setup(s => s.RemoveFromRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("A"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.RemoveFromRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("B"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.RemoveFromRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("C"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.UpdateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).ReturnsAsync(IdentityResult.Success).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.IsInRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("A"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(true))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.IsInRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("B"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(true))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.IsInRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("C"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(true))
                .Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager<PocoUser>(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.RemoveFromRolesAsync(user, roles);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task RemoveFromRolesFailsIfNotInRole()
        {
            // Setup
            var normalizer = MockHelpers.MockLookupNormalizer();
            var store = new Mock<IUserRoleStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            var roles = new string[] { "A", "B", "C" };
            store.Setup(s => s.RemoveFromRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("A"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.IsInRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("A"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(true))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.IsInRoleAsync(user, normalizer.NormalizeName("B"), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(false))
                .Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager<PocoUser>(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.RemoveFromRolesAsync(user, roles);

            // Assert
            IdentityResultAssert.IsFailure(result, new IdentityErrorDescriber().UserNotInRole("B"));
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task AddClaimsCallsStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserClaimStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            var claims = new Claim[] { new Claim("1", "1"), new Claim("2", "2"), new Claim("3", "3") };
            store.Setup(s => s.AddClaimsAsync(user, claims, CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.UpdateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).ReturnsAsync(IdentityResult.Success).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.AddClaimsAsync(user, claims);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task AddClaimCallsStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserClaimStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            var claim = new Claim("1", "1");
            store.Setup(s => s.AddClaimsAsync(user, It.IsAny<IEnumerable<Claim>>(), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.UpdateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).ReturnsAsync(IdentityResult.Success).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.AddClaimAsync(user, claim);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task UpdateClaimCallsStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserClaimStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            var claim = new Claim("1", "1");
            var newClaim = new Claim("1", "2");
            store.Setup(s => s.ReplaceClaimAsync(user, It.IsAny<Claim>(), It.IsAny<Claim>(), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.UpdateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(IdentityResult.Success)).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.ReplaceClaimAsync(user, claim, newClaim);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task CheckPasswordWillRehashPasswordWhenNeeded()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserPasswordStore<PocoUser>>();
            var hasher = new Mock<IPasswordHasher<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            var pwd = "password";
            var hashed = "hashed";
            var rehashed = "rehashed";

            store.Setup(s => s.GetPasswordHashAsync(user, CancellationToken.None))
                .ReturnsAsync(hashed)
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.SetPasswordHashAsync(user, It.IsAny<string>(), CancellationToken.None)).Returns(Task.FromResult(0)).Verifiable();
            store.Setup(x => x.UpdateAsync(It.IsAny<PocoUser>(), It.IsAny<CancellationToken>())).Returns(Task.FromResult(IdentityResult.Success));

            hasher.Setup(s => s.VerifyHashedPassword(user, hashed, pwd)).Returns(PasswordVerificationResult.SuccessRehashNeeded).Verifiable();
            hasher.Setup(s => s.HashPassword(user, pwd)).Returns(rehashed).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);
            userManager.PasswordHasher = hasher.Object;

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.CheckPasswordAsync(user, pwd);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result);
            store.VerifyAll();
            hasher.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task CreateFailsWithNullSecurityStamp()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserSecurityStampStore<PocoUser>>();
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "nulldude" };
            store.Setup(s => s.GetSecurityStampAsync(user, It.IsAny<CancellationToken>())).ReturnsAsync(default(string)).Verifiable();

            // Act
            // Assert
            var ex = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => manager.CreateAsync(user));
            Assert.Contains(Extensions.Identity.Core.Resources.NullSecurityStamp, ex.Message);

            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task UpdateFailsWithNullSecurityStamp()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserSecurityStampStore<PocoUser>>();
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "nulldude" };
            store.Setup(s => s.GetSecurityStampAsync(user, It.IsAny<CancellationToken>())).ReturnsAsync(default(string)).Verifiable();

            // Act
            // Assert
            var ex = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<InvalidOperationException>(() => manager.UpdateAsync(user));
            Assert.Contains(Extensions.Identity.Core.Resources.NullSecurityStamp, ex.Message);

            store.VerifyAll();
        }



        [Fact]
        public async Task RemoveClaimsCallsStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserClaimStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            var claims = new Claim[] { new Claim("1", "1"), new Claim("2", "2"), new Claim("3", "3") };
            store.Setup(s => s.RemoveClaimsAsync(user, claims, CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.UpdateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).ReturnsAsync(IdentityResult.Success).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.RemoveClaimsAsync(user, claims);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task RemoveClaimCallsStore()
        {
            // Setup
            var store = new Mock<IUserClaimStore<PocoUser>>();
            var user = new PocoUser { UserName = "Foo" };
            var claim = new Claim("1", "1");
            store.Setup(s => s.RemoveClaimsAsync(user, It.IsAny<IEnumerable<Claim>>(), CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(0))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.UpdateAsync(user, CancellationToken.None)).ReturnsAsync(IdentityResult.Success).Verifiable();
            var userManager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager<PocoUser>(store.Object);

            // Act
            var result = await userManager.RemoveClaimAsync(user, claim);

            // Assert
            Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task CheckPasswordWithNullUserReturnsFalse()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new EmptyStore());
            Assert.False(await manager.CheckPasswordAsync(null, "whatevs"));
        }

        [Fact]
        public void UsersQueryableFailWhenStoreNotImplemented()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            Assert.False(manager.SupportsQueryableUsers);
            Assert.Throws<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.Users.Count());
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task UsersEmailMethodsFailWhenStoreNotImplemented()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            Assert.False(manager.SupportsUserEmail);
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.FindByEmailAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.SetEmailAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.GetEmailAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.IsEmailConfirmedAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.ConfirmEmailAsync(null, null));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task UsersPhoneNumberMethodsFailWhenStoreNotImplemented()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            Assert.False(manager.SupportsUserPhoneNumber);
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.SetPhoneNumberAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.SetPhoneNumberAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.GetPhoneNumberAsync(null));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task TokenMethodsThrowWithNoTokenProvider()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            var user = new PocoUser();
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(
                async () => await manager.GenerateUserTokenAsync(user, "bogus", null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(
                async () => await manager.VerifyUserTokenAsync(user, "bogus", null, null));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task PasswordMethodsFailWhenStoreNotImplemented()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            Assert.False(manager.SupportsUserPassword);
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.CreateAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.ChangePasswordAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.AddPasswordAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.RemovePasswordAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.CheckPasswordAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.HasPasswordAsync(null));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task SecurityStampMethodsFailWhenStoreNotImplemented()
        {
            var store = new Mock<IUserStore<PocoUser>>();
            store.Setup(x => x.GetUserIdAsync(It.IsAny<PocoUser>(), It.IsAny<CancellationToken>())).Returns(Task.FromResult(Guid.NewGuid().ToString()));
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);
            Assert.False(manager.SupportsUserSecurityStamp);
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.UpdateSecurityStampAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(() => manager.GetSecurityStampAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(
                    () => manager.VerifyChangePhoneNumberTokenAsync(new PocoUser(), "1", "111-111-1111"));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(
                    () => manager.GenerateChangePhoneNumberTokenAsync(new PocoUser(), "111-111-1111"));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task LoginMethodsFailWhenStoreNotImplemented()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            Assert.False(manager.SupportsUserLogin);
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.AddLoginAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.RemoveLoginAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.GetLoginsAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.FindByLoginAsync(null, null));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ClaimMethodsFailWhenStoreNotImplemented()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            Assert.False(manager.SupportsUserClaim);
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.AddClaimAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.ReplaceClaimAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.RemoveClaimAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.GetClaimsAsync(null));
        }

        private class ATokenProvider : IUserTwoFactorTokenProvider<PocoUser>
        {
            public Task<bool> CanGenerateTwoFactorTokenAsync(UserManager<PocoUser> manager, PocoUser user)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<string> GenerateAsync(string purpose, UserManager<PocoUser> manager, PocoUser user)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<bool> ValidateAsync(string purpose, string token, UserManager<PocoUser> manager, PocoUser user)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }
        }

        [Fact]
        public void UserManagerWillUseTokenProviderInstance()
        {
            var provider = new ATokenProvider();
            var config = new ConfigurationBuilder().Build();
            var services = new ServiceCollection()
                    .AddSingleton<IConfiguration>(config)
                    .AddLogging();

            services.AddIdentity<PocoUser, PocoRole>(o => o.Tokens.ProviderMap.Add("A", new TokenProviderDescriptor(typeof(ATokenProvider))
            {
                ProviderInstance = provider
            })).AddUserStore<NoopUserStore>();
            var manager = services.BuildServiceProvider().GetService<UserManager<PocoUser>>();
            Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotImplementedException>(() => manager.GenerateUserTokenAsync(new PocoUser(), "A", "purpose"));
        }

        [Fact]
        public void UserManagerThrowsIfStoreDoesNotSupportProtection()
        {
            var services = new ServiceCollection()
                    .AddLogging();
            services.AddIdentity<PocoUser, PocoRole>(o => o.Stores.ProtectPersonalData = true)
                .AddUserStore<NoopUserStore>();
            var e = Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => services.BuildServiceProvider().GetService<UserManager<PocoUser>>());
            Assert.Contains("Store does not implement IProtectedUserStore", e.Message);
        }

        [Fact]
        public void UserManagerThrowsIfMissingPersonalDataProtection()
        {
            var services = new ServiceCollection()
                    .AddLogging();
            services.AddIdentity<PocoUser, PocoRole>(o => o.Stores.ProtectPersonalData = true)
                .AddUserStore<ProtectedStore>();
            var e = Assert.Throws<InvalidOperationException>(() => services.BuildServiceProvider().GetService<UserManager<PocoUser>>());
            Assert.Contains("No IPersonalDataProtector service was registered", e.Message);
        }

        private class ProtectedStore : IProtectedUserStore<PocoUser>
        {
            public Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public void Dispose()
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<PocoUser> FindByIdAsync(string userId, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<PocoUser> FindByNameAsync(string normalizedUserName, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<string> GetNormalizedUserNameAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<string> GetUserIdAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<string> GetUserNameAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(PocoUser user, string normalizedName, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task SetUserNameAsync(PocoUser user, string userName, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }
        }

        [Fact]
        public void UserManagerWillUseTokenProviderInstanceOverDefaults()
        {
            var provider = new ATokenProvider();
            var config = new ConfigurationBuilder().Build();
            var services = new ServiceCollection()
                    .AddSingleton<IConfiguration>(config)
                    .AddLogging();

            services.AddIdentity<PocoUser, PocoRole>(o => o.Tokens.ProviderMap.Add(TokenOptions.DefaultProvider, new TokenProviderDescriptor(typeof(ATokenProvider))
                {
                    ProviderInstance = provider
                })).AddUserStore<NoopUserStore>().AddDefaultTokenProviders();
            var manager = services.BuildServiceProvider().GetService<UserManager<PocoUser>>();
            Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotImplementedException>(() => manager.GenerateUserTokenAsync(new PocoUser(), TokenOptions.DefaultProvider, "purpose"));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task TwoFactorStoreMethodsFailWhenStoreNotImplemented()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            Assert.False(manager.SupportsUserTwoFactor);
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.GetTwoFactorEnabledAsync(null));
            await
                Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.SetTwoFactorEnabledAsync(null, true));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task LockoutStoreMethodsFailWhenStoreNotImplemented()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            Assert.False(manager.SupportsUserLockout);
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.GetLockoutEnabledAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.SetLockoutEnabledAsync(null, true));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.AccessFailedAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.IsLockedOutAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.ResetAccessFailedCountAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.GetAccessFailedCountAsync(null));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task RoleMethodsFailWhenStoreNotImplemented()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            Assert.False(manager.SupportsUserRole);
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.AddToRoleAsync(null, "bogus"));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.AddToRolesAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.GetRolesAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.RemoveFromRoleAsync(null, "bogus"));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.RemoveFromRolesAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.IsInRoleAsync(null, "bogus"));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task AuthTokenMethodsFailWhenStoreNotImplemented()
        {
            var error = Extensions.Identity.Core.Resources.StoreNotIUserAuthenticationTokenStore;
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            Assert.False(manager.SupportsUserAuthenticationTokens);
            await VerifyException<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.GetAuthenticationTokenAsync(null, null, null), error);
            await VerifyException<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.SetAuthenticationTokenAsync(null, null, null, null), error);
            await VerifyException<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.RemoveAuthenticationTokenAsync(null, null, null), error);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task AuthenticatorMethodsFailWhenStoreNotImplemented()
        {
            var error = Extensions.Identity.Core.Resources.StoreNotIUserAuthenticatorKeyStore;
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            Assert.False(manager.SupportsUserAuthenticatorKey);
            await VerifyException<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.GetAuthenticatorKeyAsync(null), error);
            await VerifyException<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.ResetAuthenticatorKeyAsync(null), error);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task RecoveryMethodsFailWhenStoreNotImplemented()
        {
            var error = Extensions.Identity.Core.Resources.StoreNotIUserTwoFactorRecoveryCodeStore;
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            Assert.False(manager.SupportsUserTwoFactorRecoveryCodes);
            await VerifyException<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.RedeemTwoFactorRecoveryCodeAsync(null, null), error);
            await VerifyException<NotSupportedException>(async () => await manager.GenerateNewTwoFactorRecoveryCodesAsync(null, 10), error);
        }

        private async Task VerifyException<TException>(Func<Task> code, string expectedMessage) where TException : Exception
        {
            var error = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<TException>(code);
            Assert.Equal(expectedMessage, error.Message);
        }

        [Fact]
        public void DisposeAfterDisposeDoesNotThrow()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            manager.Dispose();
            manager.Dispose();
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task PasswordValidatorBlocksCreate()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new EmptyStore());
            manager.PasswordValidators.Clear();
            manager.PasswordValidators.Add(new BadPasswordValidator<PocoUser>(true));
            IdentityResultAssert.IsFailure(await manager.CreateAsync(new PocoUser(), "password"),
                BadPasswordValidator<PocoUser>.ErrorMessage);
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task PasswordValidatorWithoutErrorsBlocksCreate()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new EmptyStore());
            manager.PasswordValidators.Clear();
            manager.PasswordValidators.Add(new BadPasswordValidator<PocoUser>());
            IdentityResultAssert.IsFailure(await manager.CreateAsync(new PocoUser(), "password"));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ResetTokenCallNoopForTokenValueZero()
        {
            var user = new PocoUser() { UserName = Guid.NewGuid().ToString() };
            var store = new Mock<IUserLockoutStore<PocoUser>>();
            store.Setup(x => x.ResetAccessFailedCountAsync(user, It.IsAny<CancellationToken>())).Returns(() =>
               {
                   throw new Exception();
               });
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(store.Object);

            IdentityResultAssert.IsSuccess(await manager.ResetAccessFailedCountAsync(user));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task ManagerPublicNullChecks()
        {
            Assert.Throws<ArgumentNullException>("store",
                () => new UserManager<PocoUser>(null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null));

            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NotImplementedStore());

            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user", async () => await manager.CreateAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user", async () => await manager.CreateAsync(null, null));
            await
                Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("password",
                    async () => await manager.CreateAsync(new PocoUser(), null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user", async () => await manager.UpdateAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user", async () => await manager.DeleteAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("claim", async () => await manager.AddClaimAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("claim", async () => await manager.ReplaceClaimAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("claims", async () => await manager.AddClaimsAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("userName", async () => await manager.FindByNameAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("login", async () => await manager.AddLoginAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("loginProvider",
                async () => await manager.RemoveLoginAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("providerKey",
                async () => await manager.RemoveLoginAsync(null, "", null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("email", async () => await manager.FindByEmailAsync(null));
            Assert.Throws<ArgumentNullException>("provider", () => manager.RegisterTokenProvider("whatever", null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("roles", async () => await manager.AddToRolesAsync(new PocoUser(), null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("roles", async () => await manager.RemoveFromRolesAsync(new PocoUser(), null));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task MethodsFailWithUnknownUserTest()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new EmptyStore());
            manager.RegisterTokenProvider("whatever", new NoOpTokenProvider());
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GetUserNameAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.SetUserNameAsync(null, "bogus"));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.AddClaimAsync(null, new Claim("a", "b")));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.AddLoginAsync(null, new UserLoginInfo("", "", "")));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.AddPasswordAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.AddToRoleAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.AddToRolesAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.ChangePasswordAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GetClaimsAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GetLoginsAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GetRolesAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.IsInRoleAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.RemoveClaimAsync(null, new Claim("a", "b")));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.RemoveLoginAsync(null, "", ""));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.RemovePasswordAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.RemoveFromRoleAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.RemoveFromRolesAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.ReplaceClaimAsync(null, new Claim("a", "b"), new Claim("a", "c")));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.UpdateSecurityStampAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GetSecurityStampAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.HasPasswordAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GeneratePasswordResetTokenAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.ResetPasswordAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.IsEmailConfirmedAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GenerateEmailConfirmationTokenAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.ConfirmEmailAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GetEmailAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.SetEmailAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.IsPhoneNumberConfirmedAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.ChangePhoneNumberAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.VerifyChangePhoneNumberTokenAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GetPhoneNumberAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.SetPhoneNumberAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GetTwoFactorEnabledAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.SetTwoFactorEnabledAsync(null, true));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GenerateTwoFactorTokenAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.VerifyTwoFactorTokenAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GetValidTwoFactorProvidersAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.VerifyUserTokenAsync(null, null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.AccessFailedAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.ResetAccessFailedCountAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GetAccessFailedCountAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GetLockoutEnabledAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.SetLockoutEnabledAsync(null, false));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.SetLockoutEndDateAsync(null, DateTimeOffset.UtcNow));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.GetLockoutEndDateAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ArgumentNullException>("user",
                async () => await manager.IsLockedOutAsync(null));
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task MethodsThrowWhenDisposedTest()
        {
            var manager = MockHelpers.TestUserManager(new NoopUserStore());
            manager.Dispose();
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.AddClaimAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.AddClaimsAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.AddLoginAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.AddPasswordAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.AddToRoleAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.AddToRolesAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.ChangePasswordAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.GetClaimsAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.GetLoginsAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.GetRolesAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.IsInRoleAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.RemoveClaimAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.RemoveClaimsAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.RemoveLoginAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.RemovePasswordAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.RemoveFromRoleAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.RemoveFromRolesAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.FindByLoginAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.FindByIdAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.FindByNameAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.CreateAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.CreateAsync(null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.UpdateAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.DeleteAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.ReplaceClaimAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.UpdateSecurityStampAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.GetSecurityStampAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.GeneratePasswordResetTokenAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.ResetPasswordAsync(null, null, null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.GenerateEmailConfirmationTokenAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.IsEmailConfirmedAsync(null));
            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ObjectDisposedException>(() => manager.ConfirmEmailAsync(null, null));
        }

        private class BadPasswordValidator<TUser> : IPasswordValidator<TUser> where TUser : class
        {
            public static readonly IdentityError ErrorMessage = new IdentityError { Description = "I'm Bad." };

            private IdentityResult badResult;

            public BadPasswordValidator(bool includeErrorMessage = false)
            {
                if (includeErrorMessage)
                {
                    badResult = IdentityResult.Failed(ErrorMessage);
                }
                else
                {
                    badResult = IdentityResult.Failed();
                }
            }

            public Task<IdentityResult> ValidateAsync(UserManager<TUser> manager, TUser user, string password)
                => Task.FromResult(badResult);
        }

        private class EmptyStore :
            IUserPasswordStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserClaimStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserLoginStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserEmailStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserPhoneNumberStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserLockoutStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserTwoFactorStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserRoleStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserSecurityStampStore<PocoUser>
        {
            public Task<IList<Claim>> GetClaimsAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<IList<Claim>>(new List<Claim>());
            }

            public Task AddClaimsAsync(PocoUser user, IEnumerable<Claim> claim, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task ReplaceClaimAsync(PocoUser user, Claim claim, Claim newClaim, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task RemoveClaimsAsync(PocoUser user, IEnumerable<Claim> claim, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task SetEmailAsync(PocoUser user, string email, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task<string> GetEmailAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult("");
            }

            public Task<bool> GetEmailConfirmedAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(false);
            }

            public Task SetEmailConfirmedAsync(PocoUser user, bool confirmed, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task<PocoUser> FindByEmailAsync(string email, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<PocoUser>(null);
            }

            public Task<DateTimeOffset?> GetLockoutEndDateAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<DateTimeOffset?>(DateTimeOffset.MinValue);
            }

            public Task SetLockoutEndDateAsync(PocoUser user, DateTimeOffset? lockoutEnd, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task<int> IncrementAccessFailedCountAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task ResetAccessFailedCountAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task<int> GetAccessFailedCountAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task<bool> GetLockoutEnabledAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(false);
            }

            public Task SetLockoutEnabledAsync(PocoUser user, bool enabled, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task AddLoginAsync(PocoUser user, UserLoginInfo login, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task RemoveLoginAsync(PocoUser user, string loginProvider, string providerKey, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task<IList<UserLoginInfo>> GetLoginsAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<IList<UserLoginInfo>>(new List<UserLoginInfo>());
            }

            public Task<PocoUser> FindByLoginAsync(string loginProvider, string providerKey, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<PocoUser>(null);
            }

            public void Dispose()
            {
            }

            public Task SetUserNameAsync(PocoUser user, string userName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(IdentityResult.Success);
            }

            public Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(IdentityResult.Success);
            }

            public Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(IdentityResult.Success);
            }

            public Task<PocoUser> FindByIdAsync(string userId, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<PocoUser>(null);
            }

            public Task<PocoUser> FindByNameAsync(string userName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<PocoUser>(null);
            }

            public Task SetPasswordHashAsync(PocoUser user, string passwordHash, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task<string> GetPasswordHashAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<string>(null);
            }

            public Task<bool> HasPasswordAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(false);
            }

            public Task SetPhoneNumberAsync(PocoUser user, string phoneNumber, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task<string> GetPhoneNumberAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult("");
            }

            public Task<bool> GetPhoneNumberConfirmedAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(false);
            }

            public Task SetPhoneNumberConfirmedAsync(PocoUser user, bool confirmed, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task AddToRoleAsync(PocoUser user, string roleName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task RemoveFromRoleAsync(PocoUser user, string roleName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task<IList<string>> GetRolesAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<IList<string>>(new List<string>());
            }

            public Task<bool> IsInRoleAsync(PocoUser user, string roleName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(false);
            }

            public Task SetSecurityStampAsync(PocoUser user, string stamp, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task<string> GetSecurityStampAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult("");
            }

            public Task SetTwoFactorEnabledAsync(PocoUser user, bool enabled, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task<bool> GetTwoFactorEnabledAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(false);
            }

            public Task<string> GetUserIdAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<string>(null);
            }

            public Task<string> GetUserNameAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<string>(null);
            }

            public Task<string> GetNormalizedUserNameAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<string>(null);
            }

            public Task SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(PocoUser user, string userName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }

            public Task<IList<PocoUser>> GetUsersForClaimAsync(Claim claim, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<IList<PocoUser>>(new List<PocoUser>());
            }

            public Task<IList<PocoUser>> GetUsersInRoleAsync(string roleName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult<IList<PocoUser>>(new List<PocoUser>());
            }

            public Task<string> GetNormalizedEmailAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult("");
            }

            public Task SetNormalizedEmailAsync(PocoUser user, string normalizedEmail, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                return Task.FromResult(0);
            }
        }

        private class NoOpTokenProvider : IUserTwoFactorTokenProvider<PocoUser>
        {
            public string Name { get; } = "Noop";

            public Task<string> GenerateAsync(string purpose, UserManager<PocoUser> manager, PocoUser user)
            {
                return Task.FromResult("Test");
            }

            public Task<bool> ValidateAsync(string purpose, string token, UserManager<PocoUser> manager, PocoUser user)
            {
                return Task.FromResult(true);
            }

            public Task<bool> CanGenerateTwoFactorTokenAsync(UserManager<PocoUser> manager, PocoUser user)
            {
                return Task.FromResult(true);
            }
        }

        private class NotImplementedStore :
            IUserPasswordStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserClaimStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserLoginStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserRoleStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserEmailStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserPhoneNumberStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserLockoutStore<PocoUser>,
            IUserTwoFactorStore<PocoUser>
        {
            public Task<IList<Claim>> GetClaimsAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task AddClaimsAsync(PocoUser user, IEnumerable<Claim> claims, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task ReplaceClaimAsync(PocoUser user, Claim claim, Claim newClaim, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task RemoveClaimsAsync(PocoUser user, IEnumerable<Claim> claims, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task SetEmailAsync(PocoUser user, string email, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<string> GetEmailAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<bool> GetEmailConfirmedAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task SetEmailConfirmedAsync(PocoUser user, bool confirmed, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<PocoUser> FindByEmailAsync(string email, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<DateTimeOffset?> GetLockoutEndDateAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task SetLockoutEndDateAsync(PocoUser user, DateTimeOffset? lockoutEnd, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<int> IncrementAccessFailedCountAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task ResetAccessFailedCountAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<int> GetAccessFailedCountAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<bool> GetLockoutEnabledAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task SetLockoutEnabledAsync(PocoUser user, bool enabled, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task AddLoginAsync(PocoUser user, UserLoginInfo login, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task RemoveLoginAsync(PocoUser user, string loginProvider, string providerKey, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<IList<UserLoginInfo>> GetLoginsAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<PocoUser> FindByLoginAsync(string loginProvider, string providerKey, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public void Dispose()
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<string> GetUserIdAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<string> GetUserNameAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task SetUserNameAsync(PocoUser user, string userName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<PocoUser> FindByIdAsync(string userId, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<PocoUser> FindByNameAsync(string userName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task SetPasswordHashAsync(PocoUser user, string passwordHash, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<string> GetPasswordHashAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<bool> HasPasswordAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task SetPhoneNumberAsync(PocoUser user, string phoneNumber, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<string> GetPhoneNumberAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<bool> GetPhoneNumberConfirmedAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task SetPhoneNumberConfirmedAsync(PocoUser user, bool confirmed, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task SetTwoFactorEnabledAsync(PocoUser user, bool enabled, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<bool> GetTwoFactorEnabledAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task AddToRoleAsync(PocoUser user, string roleName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task RemoveFromRoleAsync(PocoUser user, string roleName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<IList<string>> GetRolesAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<bool> IsInRoleAsync(PocoUser user, string roleName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<string> GetNormalizedUserNameAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(PocoUser user, string userName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<IList<PocoUser>> GetUsersForClaimAsync(Claim claim, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<IList<PocoUser>> GetUsersInRoleAsync(string roleName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            Task<IdentityResult> IUserStore<PocoUser>.CreateAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            Task<IdentityResult> IUserStore<PocoUser>.UpdateAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            Task<IdentityResult> IUserStore<PocoUser>.DeleteAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task<string> GetNormalizedEmailAsync(PocoUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }

            public Task SetNormalizedEmailAsync(PocoUser user, string normalizedEmail, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken))
            {
                throw new NotImplementedException();
            }
        }

        [Fact]
        public async Task CanCustomizeUserValidatorErrors()
        {
            var store = new Mock<IUserEmailStore<PocoUser>>();
            var describer = new TestErrorDescriber();
            var config = new ConfigurationBuilder().Build();
            var services = new ServiceCollection()
                    .AddSingleton<IConfiguration>(config)
                    .AddLogging()
                    .AddSingleton<IdentityErrorDescriber>(describer)
                    .AddSingleton<IUserStore<PocoUser>>(store.Object)
                    .AddHttpContextAccessor();

            services.AddIdentity<PocoUser, PocoRole>();

            var manager = services.BuildServiceProvider().GetRequiredService<UserManager<PocoUser>>();

            manager.Options.User.RequireUniqueEmail = true;
            var user = new PocoUser() { UserName = "dupeEmail", Email = "dupe@email.com" };
            var user2 = new PocoUser() { UserName = "dupeEmail2", Email = "dupe@email.com" };
            store.Setup(s => s.FindByEmailAsync("DUPE@EMAIL.COM", CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(user2))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.GetUserIdAsync(user2, CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(user2.Id))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.GetUserNameAsync(user, CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(user.UserName))
                .Verifiable();
            store.Setup(s => s.GetEmailAsync(user, CancellationToken.None))
                .Returns(Task.FromResult(user.Email))
                .Verifiable();

            Assert.Same(describer, manager.ErrorDescriber);
            IdentityResultAssert.IsFailure(await manager.CreateAsync(user), describer.DuplicateEmail(user.Email));

            store.VerifyAll();
        }

        public class TestErrorDescriber : IdentityErrorDescriber
        {
            public static string Code = "Error";
            public static string FormatError = "FormatError {0}";

            public override IdentityError DuplicateEmail(string email)
            {
                return new IdentityError { Code = Code, Description = string.Format(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture, FormatError, email) };
            }
        }

    }
}
