# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Copyright (c) 2005-2008 Stephen John Machin, Lingfo Pty Ltd # This module is part of the xlrd package, which is released under a # BSD-style licence. # No part of the content of this file was derived from the works of David Giffin. """ Tools for working with dates and times in Excel files. The conversion from ``days`` to ``(year, month, day)`` starts with an integral "julian day number" aka JDN. FWIW: - JDN 0 corresponds to noon on Monday November 24 in Gregorian year -4713. More importantly: - Noon on Gregorian 1900-03-01 (day 61 in the 1900-based system) is JDN 2415080.0 - Noon on Gregorian 1904-01-02 (day 1 in the 1904-based system) is JDN 2416482.0 """ import datetime _JDN_delta = (2415080 - 61, 2416482 - 1) assert _JDN_delta[1] - _JDN_delta[0] == 1462 # Pre-calculate the datetime epochs for efficiency. epoch_1904 = datetime.datetime(1904, 1, 1) epoch_1900 = datetime.datetime(1899, 12, 31) epoch_1900_minus_1 = datetime.datetime(1899, 12, 30) # This is equivalent to 10000-01-01: _XLDAYS_TOO_LARGE = (2958466, 2958466 - 1462) class XLDateError(ValueError): "A base class for all datetime-related errors." class XLDateNegative(XLDateError): "``xldate < 0.00``" class XLDateAmbiguous(XLDateError): "The 1900 leap-year problem ``(datemode == 0 and 1.0 <= xldate < 61.0)``" class XLDateTooLarge(XLDateError): "Gregorian year 10000 or later" class XLDateBadDatemode(XLDateError): "``datemode`` arg is neither 0 nor 1" class XLDateBadTuple(XLDateError): pass def xldate_as_tuple(xldate, datemode): """ Convert an Excel number (presumed to represent a date, a datetime or a time) into a tuple suitable for feeding to datetime or mx.DateTime constructors. :param xldate: The Excel number :param datemode: 0: 1900-based, 1: 1904-based. :raises xlrd.xldate.XLDateNegative: :raises xlrd.xldate.XLDateAmbiguous: :raises xlrd.xldate.XLDateTooLarge: :raises xlrd.xldate.XLDateBadDatemode: :raises xlrd.xldate.XLDateError: :returns: Gregorian ``(year, month, day, hour, minute, nearest_second)``. .. warning:: When using this function to interpret the contents of a workbook, you should pass in the :attr:`~xlrd.book.Book.datemode` attribute of that workbook. Whether the workbook has ever been anywhere near a Macintosh is irrelevant. .. admonition:: Special case If ``0.0 <= xldate < 1.0``, it is assumed to represent a time; ``(0, 0, 0, hour, minute, second)`` will be returned. .. note:: ``1904-01-01`` is not regarded as a valid date in the ``datemode==1`` system; its "serial number" is zero. """ if datemode not in (0, 1): raise XLDateBadDatemode(datemode) if xldate == 0.00: return (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0) if xldate < 0.00: raise XLDateNegative(xldate) xldays = int(xldate) frac = xldate - xldays seconds = int(round(frac * 86400.0)) assert 0 <= seconds <= 86400 if seconds == 86400: hour = minute = second = 0 xldays += 1 else: # second = seconds % 60; minutes = seconds // 60 minutes, second = divmod(seconds, 60) # minute = minutes % 60; hour = minutes // 60 hour, minute = divmod(minutes, 60) if xldays >= _XLDAYS_TOO_LARGE[datemode]: raise XLDateTooLarge(xldate) if xldays == 0: return (0, 0, 0, hour, minute, second) if xldays < 61 and datemode == 0: raise XLDateAmbiguous(xldate) jdn = xldays + _JDN_delta[datemode] yreg = ((((jdn * 4 + 274277) // 146097) * 3 // 4) + jdn + 1363) * 4 + 3 mp = ((yreg % 1461) // 4) * 535 + 333 d = ((mp % 16384) // 535) + 1 # mp /= 16384 mp >>= 14 if mp >= 10: return ((yreg // 1461) - 4715, mp - 9, d, hour, minute, second) else: return ((yreg // 1461) - 4716, mp + 3, d, hour, minute, second) def xldate_as_datetime(xldate, datemode): """ Convert an Excel date/time number into a :class:`datetime.datetime` object. :param xldate: The Excel number :param datemode: 0: 1900-based, 1: 1904-based. :returns: A :class:`datetime.datetime` object. """ # Set the epoch based on the 1900/1904 datemode. if datemode: epoch = epoch_1904 else: if xldate < 60: epoch = epoch_1900 else: # Workaround Excel 1900 leap year bug by adjusting the epoch. epoch = epoch_1900_minus_1 # The integer part of the Excel date stores the number of days since # the epoch and the fractional part stores the percentage of the day. days = int(xldate) fraction = xldate - days # Get the the integer and decimal seconds in Excel's millisecond resolution. seconds = int(round(fraction * 86400000.0)) seconds, milliseconds = divmod(seconds, 1000) return epoch + datetime.timedelta(days, seconds, 0, milliseconds) # === conversions from date/time to xl numbers def _leap(y): if y % 4: return 0 if y % 100: return 1 if y % 400: return 0 return 1 _days_in_month = (None, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31) def xldate_from_date_tuple(date_tuple, datemode): """ Convert a date tuple (year, month, day) to an Excel date. :param year: Gregorian year. :param month: ``1 <= month <= 12`` :param day: ``1 <= day <= last day of that (year, month)`` :param datemode: 0: 1900-based, 1: 1904-based. :raises xlrd.xldate.XLDateAmbiguous: :raises xlrd.xldate.XLDateBadDatemode: :raises xlrd.xldate.XLDateBadTuple: ``(year, month, day)`` is too early/late or has invalid component(s) :raises xlrd.xldate.XLDateError: """ year, month, day = date_tuple if datemode not in (0, 1): raise XLDateBadDatemode(datemode) if year == 0 and month == 0 and day == 0: return 0.00 if not (1900 <= year <= 9999): raise XLDateBadTuple("Invalid year: %r" % ((year, month, day),)) if not (1 <= month <= 12): raise XLDateBadTuple("Invalid month: %r" % ((year, month, day),)) if (day < 1 or (day > _days_in_month[month] and not(day == 29 and month == 2 and _leap(year)))): raise XLDateBadTuple("Invalid day: %r" % ((year, month, day),)) Yp = year + 4716 M = month if M <= 2: Yp = Yp - 1 Mp = M + 9 else: Mp = M - 3 jdn = (1461 * Yp // 4) + ((979 * Mp + 16) // 32) + \ day - 1364 - (((Yp + 184) // 100) * 3 // 4) xldays = jdn - _JDN_delta[datemode] if xldays <= 0: raise XLDateBadTuple("Invalid (year, month, day): %r" % ((year, month, day),)) if xldays < 61 and datemode == 0: raise XLDateAmbiguous("Before 1900-03-01: %r" % ((year, month, day),)) return float(xldays) def xldate_from_time_tuple(time_tuple): """ Convert a time tuple ``(hour, minute, second)`` to an Excel "date" value (fraction of a day). :param hour: ``0 <= hour < 24`` :param minute: ``0 <= minute < 60`` :param second: ``0 <= second < 60`` :raises xlrd.xldate.XLDateBadTuple: Out-of-range hour, minute, or second """ hour, minute, second = time_tuple if 0 <= hour < 24 and 0 <= minute < 60 and 0 <= second < 60: return ((second / 60.0 + minute) / 60.0 + hour) / 24.0 raise XLDateBadTuple("Invalid (hour, minute, second): %r" % ((hour, minute, second),)) def xldate_from_datetime_tuple(datetime_tuple, datemode): """ Convert a datetime tuple ``(year, month, day, hour, minute, second)`` to an Excel date value. For more details, refer to other xldate_from_*_tuple functions. :param datetime_tuple: ``(year, month, day, hour, minute, second)`` :param datemode: 0: 1900-based, 1: 1904-based. """ return ( xldate_from_date_tuple(datetime_tuple[:3], datemode) + xldate_from_time_tuple(datetime_tuple[3:]) )